检索范围:
排序: 展示方式:
Natural killer cells in liver diseases
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第3期 页码 269-279 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0621-4
The liver has been characterized as a frontline lymphoid organ with complex immunological features such as liver immunity and liver tolerance. Liver tolerance plays an important role in liver diseases including acute inflammation, chronic infection, autoimmune disease, and tumors. The liver contains a large proportion of natural killer (NK) cells, which exhibit heterogeneity in phenotypic and functional characteristics. NK cell activation, well known for its role in the immune surveillance against tumor and pathogen-infected cells, depends on the balance between numerous activating and inhibitory signals. In addition to the innate direct “killer” functions, NK cell activity contributes to regulate innate and adaptive immunity (helper or regulator). Under the setting of liver diseases, NK cells are of great importance for stimulating or inhibiting immune responses, leading to either immune activation or immune tolerance. Here, we focus on the relationship between NK cell biology, such as their phenotypic features and functional diversity, and liver diseases.
关键词: natural killer cell phenotype immune activation immune tolerance liver diseases
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 页码 509-521 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0546-3
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is currently the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortalities worldwide. In the last few years, treatments for HCC have significantly improved from a mere surgical resection to a series of minimally invasive therapies and targeted drugs. However, recurrence frequently occurs even upon curative therapeutics, and drug therapies generally produce disappointing results, with the overall prognosis dismal. This challenging clinical scenario warrants new effective and life-prolonging strategies for patients with HCC. Compelling evidence suggests that NK cells play a critical role in the immune function of the liver and in the immune defenses against HCC, indicating that HCC might be an ideal target for NK cell-based immunotherapies. To obtain comprehensive insights into the putative influence of NK cells on HCC, this paper summarizes current knowledge on NK cells in HCC and discusses the usefulness and prospects of NK cell-based immunotherapies. Critical issues that require consideration for the successful clinical translation of NK cell-based therapies are also addressed. If appropriately used and further optimized, NK cell-based therapies could dominate important roles in the future immunotherapeutic market of HCC.
关键词: natural killer cell hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第3期 页码 249-261 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0622-3
Natural killer T cells are innate-like and tissue-resident lymphocytes, which recognize lipid antigens and are enriched in the liver. Natural killer T cells play important roles in infections, tumors, autoimmune diseases, and metabolic diseases. In this study, we summarize recent findings on biology of natural killer T cells and their roles in hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection, autoimmune liver diseases, alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Controversial results from previous studies are discussed, and indicate the dynamic alteration in the role of natural killer T cells during the progression of liver diseases, which might be caused by changes in natural killer T subsets, factors skewing cytokine responses, and intercellular crosstalk between natural killer T cells and CD1d-expressing cells or bystander cells.
关键词: natural killer T cells hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection autoimmune liver diseases alcoholic liver disease nonalcoholic fatty liver disease hepatocellular carcinoma
Baokai Dou, Shichun Li, Luyao Wei, Lixin Wang, Shiguo Zhu, Zhengtao Wang, Zunji Ke, Kaixian Chen, Zhifei Wang
《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第1期 页码 79-90 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0783-8
关键词: astragaloside IV brain ischemia natural killer cells histone deacetylase nuclear factor-κB
Natural killer cell lines in tumor immunotherapy
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第1期 页码 56-66 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0177-7
Natural killer (NK) cells are considered to be critical players in anticancer immunity. However, cancers are able to develop mechanisms to escape NK cell attack or to induce defective NK cells. Current NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy is aimed at overcoming NK cell paralysis through several potential approaches, including activating autologous NK cells, expanding allogeneic NK cells, usage of stable allogeneic NK cell lines and genetically modifying fresh NK cells or NK cell lines. The stable allogeneic NK cell line approach is more practical for quality-control and large-scale production. Additionally, genetically modifying NK cell lines by increasing their expression of cytokines and engineering chimeric tumor antigen receptors could improve their specificity and cytotoxicity. In this review, NK cells in tumor immunotherapy are discussed, and a list of therapeutic NK cell lines currently undergoing preclinical and clinical trials of several kinds of tumors are reviewed.
关键词: natural killer cell natural killer cell line tumor immunotherapy genetic modification
Challenges of NK cell-based immunotherapy in the new era
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 页码 440-450 doi: tzg@ustc.edu.cn
Natural killer cells (NKs) have a great potential for cancer immunotherapy because they can rapidly and directly kill transformed cells in the absence of antigen presensitization. Various cellular sources, including peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), stem cells, and NK cell lines, have been used for producing NK cells. In particular, NK cells that expanded from allogeneic PBMCs exhibit better efficacy than those that did not. However, considering the safety, activities, and reliability of the cell products, researchers must develop an optimal protocol for producing NK cells from PBMCs in the manufacture setting and clinical therapeutic regimen. In this review, the challenges on NK cell-based therapeutic approaches and clinical outcomes are discussed.
关键词: natural killer cells immunotherapy adoptive transfer genetic modification immune checkpoint inhibitor
FAN Xiaodong, HAN Ruifa
《医学前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第4期 页码 377-380 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0073-8
Research on the theory and application of adsorbed natural gas used in new energy vehicles: A review
Zhengwei NIE,Yuyi LIN,Xiaoyi JIN
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第11卷 第3期 页码 258-274 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0381-2
Natural gas, whose primary constituent is methane, has been considered a convincing alternative for the growth of the energy supply worldwide. Adsorbed natural gas (ANG), the most promising methane storage method, has been an active field of study in the past two decades. ANG constitutes a safe and low-cost way to store methane for natural gas vehicles at an acceptable energy density while working at substantially low pressures (3.5–4.0 MPa), allowing for conformable store tank. This work serves to review the state-of-the-art development reported in the scientific literature on adsorbents, adsorption theories, ANG conformable tanks, and related technologies on ANG vehicles. Patent literature has also been searched and discussed. The review aims at illustrating both achievements and problems of the ANG technologies-based vehicles, as well as forecasting the development trends and critical issues to be resolved of these technologies.
关键词: adsorbed natural gas (ANG) adsorbent adsorption theory conformable tank natural gas vehicles (NGVs)
Porcine pluripotent stem cells: progress, challenges and prospects
Jianyong HAN, Yi-Liang MIAO, Jinlian HUA, Yan LI, Xue ZHANG, Jilong ZHOU, Na LI, Ying ZHANG, Jinying ZHANG, Zhonghua LIU
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第1期 页码 8-27 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018233
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are characterized by their capacity for high self-renewal and multiple differentiation potential and include embryonic stem cells, embryonic germ cells and induced PSCs. PSCs provide a very suitable model for the studies of human diseases, drugs screening, regenerative medicine and developmental biology research. Pigs are considered as an ideal model for preclinical development of human xenotransplantation, therapeutic approaches and regenerative medicine because of their size and physiological similarity to humans. However, lack of knowledge about the derivation, characterization and pluripotency mechanisms of porcine PSCs hinders progress in these biotechnologies. In this review, we discuss the latest progress on porcine PSCs generation, evaluation criteria for pluripotency, the scientific and technical questions arising from these studies. We also introduce our perspectives on porcine PSC research, in the hope of providing new ideas for generating naive porcine PSCs and animal breeding.
关键词: embryonic germ cells embryonic stem cells induced pluripotent stem cells pigs pluripotent stem cells
Determination of telomerase activity in stem cells and non-stem cells of breast cancer
LI Zhi, HE Yanli, ZHANG Jiahua, ZHANG Jinghui, HUANG Tao
《医学前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第3期 页码 294-298 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0056-9
Innate and adaptive T cells in influenza disease
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期 页码 34-47 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0606-8
Influenza is a major global health problem, causing infections of the respiratory tract, often leading to acute pneumonia, life-threatening complications and even deaths. Over the last seven decades, vaccination strategies have been utilized to protect people from complications of influenza, especially groups at high risk of severe disease. While current vaccination regimens elicit strain-specific antibody responses, they fail to generate cross-protection against seasonal, pandemic and avian viruses. Moreover, vaccines designed to generate influenza-specific T-cell responses are yet to be optimized. During natural infection, viral replication is initially controlled by innate immunity before adaptive immune responses (T cells and antibody-producing B cells) achieve viral clearance and host recovery. Adaptive T and B cells maintain immunological memory and provide protection against subsequent infections with related influenza viruses. Recent studies also shed light on the role of innate T-cells (MAIT cells, gd T cells, and NKT cells) in controlling influenza and linking innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, thus making them attractive targets for vaccination strategies. We summarize the current knowledge on influenza-specific innate MAIT and gd T cells as well as adaptive CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, and discuss how these responses can be harnessed by novel vaccine strategies to elicit cross-protective immunity against different influenza strains and subtypes.
关键词: influenza innate T cells CD4+ and CD8+ T cells vaccination
Reprogramming of the pig primordial germ cells into pluripotent stem cells: a brief review
Qijing LEI, Qin PAN, Shuai YU, Na LI, Shulin CHEN, Kuldip SIDHU, Jinlian HUA
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第1期 页码 28-32 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018222
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are regarded as unipotent cells that can produce only either spermatogonia or oocytes. However, PGCs can be converted into the pluripotent state by first dedifferentiation to embryonic germ cells and then by reprogramming to induce them to become pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These two stages can be completely implemented with mouse cells. However, authentic porcine iPSCs have not been established. Here, we discuss recent advances in the stem cell field for obtaining iPSCs from PGCs. This knowledge will provide some clues which will contribute to the regulation of reprogramming to pluripotency in farm species.
关键词: pig pluripotent stem cells primordial germ cells reprogramming
4-1BBL expressed by eukaryotic cells activates immune cells and suppresses the progression of murine
Hui QIU, Hui ZHANG, Zuohua FENG
《医学前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第1期 页码 20-25 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0006-9
关键词: 4-1BB ligand tumor immunotherapy tumor microenvironment
The past, present and future of bovine pluripotent stem cells: a brief overview
Xiuchun TIAN
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第1期 页码 3-7 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018247
Although the pursuit of bovine embryonic stem cells started more than 26 years ago for the purpose of gene-targeting, true pluripotent stem cells in this economically important species are still elusive. With the rapid advances in genome-editing and cloning using homologously recombined somatic cells, the need for pluripotent stem cells for precise genetic modification in any species became questionable. With the pig being the better model for human regenerative biology, the identification of the commonalities and uniqueness of the pluripotency circuitry across mammalian species may be the main objective for studying pluripotent stem cells in the bovine.
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Natural killer cells in hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and perspectives for future immunotherapeutic
null
期刊论文
Astragaloside IV suppresses post-ischemic natural killer cell infiltration and activation in the brain
Baokai Dou, Shichun Li, Luyao Wei, Lixin Wang, Shiguo Zhu, Zhengtao Wang, Zunji Ke, Kaixian Chen, Zhifei Wang
期刊论文
Study of recombinant human IFN-α-2b bacilli Calmette–Guerin activated killer cells and against bladder
FAN Xiaodong, HAN Ruifa
期刊论文
Research on the theory and application of adsorbed natural gas used in new energy vehicles: A review
Zhengwei NIE,Yuyi LIN,Xiaoyi JIN
期刊论文
Porcine pluripotent stem cells: progress, challenges and prospects
Jianyong HAN, Yi-Liang MIAO, Jinlian HUA, Yan LI, Xue ZHANG, Jilong ZHOU, Na LI, Ying ZHANG, Jinying ZHANG, Zhonghua LIU
期刊论文
Determination of telomerase activity in stem cells and non-stem cells of breast cancer
LI Zhi, HE Yanli, ZHANG Jiahua, ZHANG Jinghui, HUANG Tao
期刊论文
Reprogramming of the pig primordial germ cells into pluripotent stem cells: a brief review
Qijing LEI, Qin PAN, Shuai YU, Na LI, Shulin CHEN, Kuldip SIDHU, Jinlian HUA
期刊论文
4-1BBL expressed by eukaryotic cells activates immune cells and suppresses the progression of murine
Hui QIU, Hui ZHANG, Zuohua FENG
期刊论文